Tech companies and authorities are failing women by focusing on nudity rather than consent, says a report by Chayn.

Social media companies and authorities are failing women by focusing on nudity rather than consent when dealing with image-based abuse, according to a new report by gender justice organisation Chayn. Its criticisms are backed by Pakistani actress Ayesha Omar, whose experiences, along with those of other women, are described in the findings. One of the women at the centre of the report, whose name has been changed to Mahnoor to protect her privacy, explains that the images that changed her life were not nude. They were not sexually explicit. They showed a woman exposing her bare shoulders and wearing Western clothing. The 32-year-old from Pakistan told BBC Global Women that she returned to her childhood home when her marriage broke down. She hoped for comfort and support from her family, but instead, she and her young daughter were met with iciness. It's been over a year and her father and brothers still have not spoken to her. Colleagues at work who she has known for years will not look her in the eye. Mahnoor had expected a difficult divorce. It had never been an easy marriage. She says her husband, to whom she was married in an arranged match, was both verbally and physically abusive throughout their relationship. But it was the exposure of her private world that cost her the most. Like many young women, Mahnoor had saved lots of pictures of herself on her phone. She had taken photos of her everyday life - a nice dinner, a selfie when the lighting was particularly flattering. Many were years old. One was of her smiling after a new haircut. Another showed her on an overseas exchange programme with friends. Others were ordinary selfies, lying in bed, wearing a vest, with her eyes closed to show off her eyeliner. None had ever been shared publicly. She rarely posted photos on social media, mindful of the conservative culture of her community in Pakistan.